Ghana Log Cluster Report

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Electricity and Power 

The VRA, established in 1961 by the Volta River Development Act (Act 46), is the state-owned electricity utility responsible for generating electricity in Ghana and supplying electricity in bulk to Ghana Grid Company Limited (GridCo). VRA owns and operates the Akosombo hydro power station, the Kpong hydro power station, the Aboadze T1 plant, the Tema TT1PP plant, and the Takoradi Thermal Power Plant (T3) located at Aboadze. VRA is also a minority joint partner with TAQA, which owns and operates the Takoradi International Power Company (TICO) thermal power plant also located at Aboadze. In addition to the plants that VRA owns, VRA also operates the Tema TT2PP plant and Mine Reserves plant for their respective owners. In recent years, VRA’s role in the Ghanaian power sector has evolved significantly from generation, transmission, and distribution to focus on generation. In 2006, VRA ceded its transmission responsibilities to GridCo. In May 2012, VRA restructured its distribution department, Northern Electricity Distribution (NED), into a semi-independent, wholly owned subsidiary company of VRA, known as Northern Electricity Distribution Company of Ghana (NEDCo). Finally, VRA’s responsibility for all hydro resources within the Volta Basin—which includes the White Volta, Black Volta, and Red Volta rivers—was curtailed by the Bui Power Authority (BPA). BPA, a state-owned enterprise, was created to develop a hydroelectric plant at Bui, which lies within on the Black Volta. The transmissions and distribution network in Ghana is operated by three state-owned enterprises. There are one transmission company, GridCo, and two distribution companies. The two distribution companies are divided by geographic region. Electricity Company of Ghana (ECG) covers southern Ghana and NEDCo covers Northern Ghana. The Electricity Company of Ghana (ECG) is a limited liability company wholly owned by the Government of Ghana and operating under the Ministry of Energy. ECG is responsible for distributing electricity in the southern part of Ghana. This includes the Ashanti, Central, Eastern, Greater Accra, Volta, and Western regions. Within those regions, ECG has 1.8 million customers and distributes 90 percent of all electricity sold in Ghana. NEDCo is a wholly owned subsidiary of VRA responsible for the distribution of electricity in the northern part of Ghana. NEDCo serves the Northern, Upper West, Upper East, Brong-Ahafo, Sunyani, and Techiman regions. In those regions, which have an average electrification rate of 36 percent, NEDCo has 420,000 customers. Ghana’s electricity situation has improved so much in the recent years that the country is now exporting electricity to its neighbours like Nigeria and Benin but most of its rural areas still live in darkness.
Production Unit
Type [1]
Installed Capacity (MW)
Current Production (MW)
Akosombo Hydro Plant
Hydroelectric power
1,020 MW
900 MW
Kpong Hydro Plant
Hydroelectric power
160 MW
148 MW
Bui Hydro Plant
Hydroelectric power
260 MW
120 MW
Aboadze Takoradi 1
Thermal power
330 MW
300 MW
Aboadze Takoradi 2 (TICo)
Thermal power
220 MW
220 MW
Tema Thermal 1 Power Plant
Thermal power
126 MW
110 MW
Tema Thermal 2 Power Plant
Thermal power
49.5 MW
45 MW
OSONOR (CENIT)
Thermal power
126 MW
120 MW
Tokaradi 3
Thermal power
132 MW
120 MW
Tema Mine Reserve Plant
Thermal power
80 MW
40 MW
Sunon Asogli
Thermal power
200 MW
180 MW
Navrongo Solar Power Plant
Solar power
2.5 MW
2.5 MW
E.g. Hydroelectric power, Thermal power…

Waste Management and Disposal Providers

The Ghanaian government handed over most of the country’s waste management to private companies through its Public Private Partnership policy. There are two modes of waste collection in Ghana; the House to House (HH) Collection Mode and the Communal Container Collection (CCC) Mode are being practiced in Ghana. The waste managemet service provider Zoomlion Ltd is very present in the country. There aren’t any recycling programme in the country.

Waste Disposal - Non Hazardous

Open dump and open burning is a common practice to dispose of waste in Ghana; Oblojo is the waste dumpsite in Accra and the Dompoase is a landfill in Kumasi.

Waste Disposal - Hazardous

The procedures and processes for disposing of Hazardous Waste are often unclear. There is a weak follow-up and control on the disposal of used motor oil, fuel, electronics / computers. Agbogbloshie is an informal E-waste recycling site in Ghana.
The total amount of grey and black wastewater produced in urban Ghana is estimated to be approximately 280 million m3. This quantity of wastewater is mainly from domestic sources since most wastewater from industry is channeled into the ocean, streams or wetland and only about 10% of the urban wastewater emanating from the domestic and municipal sources is disposed off through sewage networks connected to treatment plants.

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