NEPAL Log cluster report - electrical and waste management

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Electricity supply in Nepal is sourced primarily from the Nepal Electric Authority (NEA), Independent Power Producers (IPPs) and imports from India. Nepal Electric Authority operates primarily hydroelectric power plants (with some small thermal power generation capacity as well) accounting for approximately 51% of existing supply. Independent Power Producers account for approximately 18% of existing supply. Import of electricity from India accounts for the remaining 32% of existing supply (NEA 2015).
Of the total population, 700,000 households have access to electricity. A total of 900 Village Development Committees in 59 districts have access to the central electric grid. The electricity demand of Integrated Nepal Power System (INPS) in fiscal year 2013/14 was estimated at approximately 5,910 GWh, out of which only 4,632 GWh (78%) could be supplied.
Total Energy Available and peak Demand
Particulars
2014
2015
2016
Peak Demands
1,200.98
1,291.10
1,385.30
NEA Hydro Generation
2,288.23
2,365.64
2,168.49
NEA Thermal Generation
9.65
1.24
0.07
NEA Generations Total (GWh)
2,297.88
2,366.88
2,168.56
Power Purchase from India
1,318.75
1.369.89
1,758.41
Power Purchase from IPPs
1,070.47
1,268.93
1,173.14
Power Purchase Total (GWh)
2,389.21
2,638.82
2,931.55
Available Energy (GWh)
4,687.09
5,005.70
5,100.11

For more information, please see the following :
 (Hydroelectric)
Production Unit
Installed Capacity  (MW)
Design Generation(MWh)
2015 (MWh)
Kali Gandaki A
144
842,000.00
750,842,00
Middle Marsyangdi
70
398,000.00
435,558.76
Marsyangdi
69
462,500.00
441,736.60
Trisuli
24
163,000.00
125,025.70
Sunkoshi
10.05
70,000.00
35,994.20
Gandak
15
106,380.00
16,249.00
Kulekhani I
60
211,000.00
71,356.00
Devighat
15
114,000.00
94,306.49
Kulekhani II
32
104,600.00
36,055.35
Puwa Khola
6.2
48,000.00
33,831.51
Modi khola
14.8
92,500.00
62,787.20
Sundarijal
0.64
4,770.00
4,293.95
Panauti
2.4
6,970.00
2.052.59
Fewa
1.0
6,500.00
1,664.77
Seti (Pokhara)
1.5
9,800.00
10.996.74
Chatara
3.2
6,000.00
-
Pharping
0.50
-
1.93
Total (Hydro)
469.29
2,646,020.00
2,122,752.79
(Thermal)
Production Unit
Installed Capacity  (MW)
Design Generation(MWh)
2015/16 (MWh)
Multifuel Power Plant
39.00
-
-
Hetaunda Diesel Plant
14.41
-
122.07
Thermal Total
51.41

122.07
Grand Total
522.70
2,646,020.00
2,122,874.85

 

Waste Management and Disposal Providers

The Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC) has the main responsibility for managing solid waste in Kathmandu Metropolitan area. The Ministry of Urban Development (MOUD), Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development (MOFALD), Solid Waste Management Technical Support Centre (SWMTSC) have also roles and responsibilities for managing the municipal waste. Contact address of KMC is as follows:

Kathmandu Metropolitan City Office
Bagdurbar, Kathmandu, Nepal
Phone: 977 -1 1 4231481
Fax: 977-1-426-509

SWMTSC is responsible for providing technical support to manage solid waste properly and environment friendly. All vehicles and required man power is provided by KMC to collect and deliver waste from different locality to designated dumping site. The Sisodal Lindfield site is official dumping site for Kathmandu valley, which is operational from 2005. It is 26 KM in distance from main office, Teku, Kathmandu. Banchare Danda is further 6 KM from Sisodal site which is designated site for future waste dosposal. Likewise, according to act of Nepal all municipality authorities are responsible to manage the waste inside the Area of Responsibilities. All organization are responsible for waste management within the organization whereas municipality of Nepal take responsibility to manage the waste collectively. There is designated land filled side in close proximity of respective municipality. One of the challenge for this management is due to political instability (Strike and Bundh) sometime waste is not collected by concerned authority that create problem of garbage in the Kathmandu City.  
Government of Nepal is on process to privatize the waste management responsibility in Nepal. With that provision Metropolitan or Municipality authority will most likely take provides technical support and responsible for monitoring and supervisory role. Recently on 23rd September 2016 government enacted policy to regulate segregate different types of disposable items. This policy will ensure recycling programme for the waste.

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